Pipe joints are connections at pipe ends that ensure that two pipe sections can be joined to each other to install a pipeline of any length. Joints give strength to the pipeline because longer pipeline sections tend to bend. Joints should be joined together properly to ensure that a tight seal is established to prevent leakage.
Pipe joints are integral to any piping system because it is not possible to have a continuous length of pipe for a pipe network. These joints can make or break a pipeline system depending on the resulting durability of the technique used to form the joint. There are different materials of pipes used in the pipeline industry depending on the need and the type of product that will be conveyed through the pipe.
Different methods are used to join pipes based on the pipe material. Threaded pipe joints are used to join cast iron (CI), galvanized iron (GI), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), copper pipes, etc. They are connected by screwing the threads provided externally on one side and internally on the other side in each pipe. Such joints are suitable for low temperature and low flow conditions.
Brazing and solder pipe jointing are done on copper or copper alloy pipes by using molten filler material. For the same diameter pipes, butt welding is used to join the pipes as this gives high strength to resist high pressure. Socket welded joints are used to join pipes of different diameters and where chances of leakage are high. Flanged joints are connected using two flanges secured with bolts and are used for large diameter pipes with high-pressure flows. Polyethylene (PE) pipes are joined to each other by heat fusion or with mechanical fittings.
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